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人教版英语高二上册的几处谬误
作者：周兴东
一､alternative搭配之误
人教版高二英语上册第139页Vocabulary练习3中对alternative的第一句汉语“除了这种方法,再没其他方法能解这道题｡”的英语译文是:
Besides this method,there is no other alternative to solve the problem.(n.)
显而易见,编者把作名词用的alternative后面误用了不定式to do的词形,而正确的搭配应为:alternative后跟介词to短语或介词of短语｡请看《外研社､建宏英汉多功能词典》(1997年版)第64页关于alternative作名词用法的几个例句:
“1.You have the alternative of speaking or of keeping quiet.你或者发言,要不然就保持肃静｡
2.We took the alternative of walking.我们选择步行｡
3.I had no money,so I had no alternative to staying[no alternative but to stay]at home.我因为没有钱,所以除了待在家里别无选择｡”
我国英语专家刘正土炎先生在其《学生英语常用词词典----英语7500词例释》(商务印书馆·1981年版)第17页对alternative一词作名词的用法所给的一个例句是:“We have no alternative but to leave(除了离开,我们再也没有其他办法).”
由例句3和刘正土炎先生所给的例句,我们可以看出,alternative后要跟动词不定式,不定式前须有but才行｡
此外,根据句意,所给的Besides一词应改为Except为恰｡因为其含义为:“除……外(别无)”｡
二､not only引导倒装句之误
当并列连词not only…but also中的not only放在句首时,not only所连接的从句要使用部分倒装结构｡编者虽然注意到了这一点,但对其后的从句却有“画蛇添足”之嫌｡且看高二上册第140页Grammar练习1对第(4)句“They not only limit the power supply to business, but also buy coal or electricity from other parts of China.”一句的改写:
“Not only do they limit the power supply to business, they buy coal or electricity from other parts of China too.”(见配套《教参》第204页)
笔者认为,原句but also后的句子结构应保持原状｡即应改为:
“Not only do they limit the power supply to business,but also buy coal or electricity from other parts of China.”
无独有偶,在同页Grammar练习2中,教参编者却把原句1:“If we continue using too much underground water, the land will sink and sea water will come in. (not only……but also)”误改写为:
“If we continue using too much underground water, not only will the land sink, the sea water will come in too.” (见配套《教参》第204页)
既然要求用not only……but also改写原句,可《教参》中所给的改写句中“but also”哪儿去了?正确的改写形式为:
“If we continue using too much underground water, not only will the land sink, but (also) sea water will come in.”
我国语法专家张道真先生在其《实用英语语法》(商务印书馆·1979年第2版)第507页所给的有关not only……but also的例句是:
“As a result, not only were the lost cities recovered, but new cities were liberated. 结果不仅丢失的城市收复了,还解放了新的城市｡”
教参教参,应为教学的参考,绝非“教惨” !
三､say to oneself的汉译之误
现行人教版高二英语上册第167页Unit 10注释7是:
“She’s done for,” he said to himself. “她(指船)完了,”他自言自语道｡
很显然,编者把say to oneself译成了“自言自语”,而正确的汉译应是:“心里想”｡《外研社､建宏英汉多功能词典》(1997年版)第1314页所给的一个例句是:“I’ve got to go,”she said to herself. 她心想“我必须走了.”
四､英文书信落款之误
同册第76页标题为UNDER THE VOLCANO的英文书信落款“Pliny, the Younger”却放在了书信正文的“左下角”,而正确的落款处应在书信正文的“右下角”｡顺便提一下,现行人教版英语高一上､下册所有的英文书信的落款均在“左下角”｡看来是“旧病复发”,由来已久!
参考文献
[1] 简清国.外研社､建宏英汉多功能词典.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1997.
[2] 刘正土炎.学生英语常用词词典——英语7500词例释.北京:商务印书馆,1981.
[3] 张道真.实用英语语法.北京:商务印书馆,1979.
(责任编辑 刘永庆)