首页 -> 2008年第12期
模块记忆法在英语教学中的应用
作者:杨明玉
一、模块记忆法应用于词汇教学
词汇是语言的构筑材料,记忆是构成智力的重要因素之一。外语教学的成败,归根结底要取决于词汇教学的成败。没有语法人们不能表达很多东西,但没有词汇,人们则无法表达任何东西。在词汇教学中引导学生自主联想,可以引入联想竞赛看谁想出的相关词汇多,教师补充总结。这样,刺激学生学习的积极性。以“FOOT ”为例。
二、模块记忆法应用于语法教学
语法教学中会遇到很多相同用法的词,通过联想把他们编排在一起,使之简单易记且不易遗忘。以以下几个语法为例:
(1)在非谓语动词中涉及到不定式(短语)做宾语补足语时,不定式符号 to 有时省略的问题。符合上述特点的词有 一感(feel) ,二听 (listen to ,hear),三让(have, let, make),五看(watch, see, look at, notice, observe),半帮助(help)
(2)在非谓语动词中涉及到有些动词后常用动名词做宾语时总结了“火烧联营模块词”即以f ,i ,r ,e ,c ,a ,m ,p ,s 字母开头的一些动词及动词短语。f(fire,feel like) ,I (imagine) ,r (risk, resist), e ( escape, excuse) ,c (can’t help/ stand/bear /understand, consider[考虑]),a(advise ,appreciate, avoid, allow, admit [承认]) ,m(mind, mean [打算],miss[错过]), p (practise, put off ), s(suggest).
(3)在虚拟语气里,一坚持(insist),二命令(order, command),三建议(suggest, advise ,propose),四要求(demand, require, request, desire) 等词后的宾语从句中谓语动词采用should +动词原形的形式,should 通常可以省略。
(4)在以f, fe 结尾的名词复数变化将 f, fe 变为v + es的 名词有: 贼(thief)的妻子(wife)在一生(life)中用半(half )片树叶(leaf),一块面包(loaf),一把刀(knife)杀死了一匹狼(wolf),放在架子(shelf)上。
(5)在多个形容词的排列顺序上:县官描述大长高,形状年龄与新老,颜色国籍和材料,用途大。县的谐音“限”指限定词(all, both ,数词,物主代词,指示代词),官的谐音“冠”指(a, an, the), 描述指描述性形容词(beautiful/ugly),大(big/little),长(long ,short), 高(high, low),形指形状(如 round , square), 年龄(3—year—old ),新老(new, old), 颜色(red, yellow…),国籍(Chinese, American…),材料(stone, iron…),用途大(writing, swimming, walking).
三、模块记忆法应用于写作
由于词块是交际中的习惯性语言构块,学生写作时可以直接提取,加快了从语言构思到形成书面语的速度。这样,使学生在遇到此类表达时不在有山穷水尽的感觉,而是流畅自如。以几个话题为例:
(1)语篇连接词块。What’ more /worse, in addition, as a result, in short/ brief / a word , firstly ,secondly, thirdly… on one hand, on the other hand, besides, therefore , meanwhile . 能有效地构建文章的起,承,转,合使文章浑然一体自然连贯。
(2)友谊类可联想到的模块词汇有:get to know sb (认识某人),know sb really well, develop a friendship with…, be fond of , share happiness and sorrow, a strong personality, personal matter (隐私),a close friend , friendly, trust each other, precious, worthy, understanding, be loyal to(对。。。忠诚),keep in touch with , play an important part/ role in , feel down , turn to sb for help, trust worthy and reliable, care about , communicate with , make yourself at home, so/ nor/ neither is sb… 3.中学生的爱好与兴趣类的模块词汇有:spare time / free time , be interested in, hobby, enjoy popular music, develop an interest in , have a taste in, play football, chat online, play games, collect stamps, read science novels, surf the internet ,travel abroad, help sb with sth ,keep pets , be devoted to doing sth , no pains ,no gains ,workday, on weekends, pay a visit to ,play the piano 等等。以上模块词汇包含了形容词和动词为中心的短语搭配有利于学生丰富,生动地表达相关写作内容。