首页 -> 2007年第11期

高职高专英语专业学生外语学习焦虑及对策

作者:杨 晔




  教师在教学中要注意培养融洽的师生关系,教师要理解学习者之间的个体差异,例如有的学生语音好,有的学生善于记忆单词,有的学生语言理解能力好等等,以及情感因素的差异。在课堂上要注意自己的非言语行为,如微笑和鼓励的眼神,走下讲台与个别学生交流,这些都能帮助学习者消除焦虑感,缩短教师与学习者的距离。⑨移情是语言交往中的重要情感现象,要求教师处在学生的位置去思考,认同学生的情感,通过与学生的沟通理解,增强学生的参与意识。民主、平等、友好、轻松的学习氛围有利于学生放松自己,积极大胆地说英语。教师在教学中应该宽容学生出现的语言错误,保护学生的自尊心和自信心,使学生在和谐的气氛中愉快地学习,处在这种氛围中的学生会变紧张为轻松,逐渐克服心理障碍。⑩教师还应发现学生细微的进步,及时给予表扬和肯定,少批评,少指责。教师的赞扬有助于提高学生的自信心,可对学生的学习起到激励作用。对于每一位学生尤其是学习困难生,教师应尊重他们,对他们给予帮助和细心的关怀,让他们克服自卑感,增强他们的信心,关注与鼓励他们的每一个进步。
  
  注释:
  ①Krashen,S.1987.Principle and Practice in Second Language Acquisition.New York: Prentice-Hall.
  ②Horwitz,E.K.1986.Preliminary Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of a Foreign Language Anxiety Scale.TESOL Quarterly,20:559-562.
  ③Horwitz,E.K.,Horwitz,M.B.,& Cope,J.1986.Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety.Modern Language Journal,70:125-132.
  ④MacIntyre,P.D.1999.Language Anxiety: A Review for the Research for Language teachers.In D.J.Young (E.D.),affect in Foreign Language and Second Language Learning: A practical guide to Creating a Low-anxiety Classroom Atmisphere:24-55.New York: McGraw-Hill.
  ⑤Krashen,S.1981.Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning.New York: Pergamon Press.
  ⑥Young,D.J.1992.Language Anxiety from the Foreign Language Specialist’s perspective: Interview with krashen,Omaggio Hadley,Terrell,and Radin.Foreign Language Annals,25: 157-172.
  ⑦Young,D.J.1991.Creating a low-anxiety Classroom Environment: What Does Language Anxiety Research Suggest? Modern Language Journal,75: 426-439.
  ⑧Bailey,K.M.1983.Competitiveness and anxiety in Adult Second Language Acquisition: Looking at and through the Diary Studies.In H.W.Seliger & M.H.Long,(Eds.),Classroom Oriented Research in Second Language Acquisition:67-103.Rowley,MA: Newbury House.
  ⑨闫传海,张梅娟.情感因素在外语教学中的介入[J].外语界,2002,(5).
  ⑩Xiang Maoying,2004.On Affective Barriers to Language Learning.CELEAJournal 27/1:115-119.
  

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